Friday 26 August 2011

Be More Like Buffett: Buy Fear


The stock market's volatility has some investors on the sidelines just when the famed investor would tell them to leap in—and options could be a good way to do it.

Everyone likes to quote Warren Buffett. He's rich. He plays bridge with Microsoft founder Bill Gates, who is even richer. And he has simple, solid ideas about investing.
He buys good stocks. Forever is his favorite holding period. Buy fear. Those are just some of the pearls that Buffett gives away, though he also sells pearls at Borsheim's, a jewelry store that he owns in Omaha, Neb.

As oft-quoted as Buffett is, few people have the guts to actually do what he says. Whenever people have the chance to be greedy when others are fearful, another Buffett bon mot, they tend to be too terrified to do anything.
Now is a Buffett moment. Fear is widespread. Many good stocks can be bought for decent prices, and Buffett has been active. He reportedly bought more Wells Fargo (NYSE: WFC - News) stock, and created a new position in Dollar General (NYSE: DG - News). Contrast that with stories of people dumping stocks because they are scared. One woman with a multimillion-dollar stock portfolio recently sold everything, and is sitting in cash, because she has grown tired of the stock market's incessant volatility.

But it is precisely because of volatility that long-term investors should summon their inner Buffett and buy quality stocks, or add to positions in blue-chip stocks, especially those that pay hefty dividends.


The fear of a stock-market decline, or another sharp whip up and down, is so high that the volatility premiums in many bearish puts, and even bullish calls, are unusually high. Investors with long-term horizons can buy stocks and sell puts, or calls.
Selling a put obligates investors to buy more stock should the stock price dip below the put's strike price. If the stock market plunges lower—and two major macro-economic events will occur in the next few weeks—put sellers could be buying stock at sharply lower prices.

The Institute of Supply Management August report is scheduled for release on Sept. 1. The report is widely followed by major investors, who view it as a key factor in determining whether economic growth is accelerating or slowing. And before that looms Ben Bernanke's Aug. 26 speech at the Federal Reserve's Jackson Hole retreat.

Selling calls obligates investors to sell their stock should the stock price rise above the call's strike price. If the stock market plunges, and the stock never rises above the call's strike price, the money received for selling the call is like an extra dividend payment. In fact, the money received for selling puts or calls and buying stock can be thought of as conditional dividends. If the stock doesn't cross the strike price of the put or call, investors can keep the money.

Another strategy rising in popularity is the "risk reversal." By selling a put with a strike price that is below the stock's price, and buying a call with a strike price above the stock's price, many investors are finding they can get paid by the options market to speculate on stock prices. If the stock surges higher, moving past the call's strike price, investors can sell the call bought for free at a profit. If the stock price declines below the put's strike price, investors are obligated to buy the stock.

The key in these options strategies is to use them only on stocks you want to own. If the stock pays a dividend, even better.

Some people will criticize all this options legerdemain as unworthy of value investing. They will think that larding up a good stock, trading at or near its intrinsic value, with the clockwork complexity of derivatives is to head down a tortuous path. But the simple fact is that few places let you take advantage of the fear of other investors better than the options market.

Thursday 25 August 2011

RM15bil Gas project to benefit TNB


Thursday August 25, 2011

RM15bil Gas project to benefit TNB

By LEONG HUNG YEE
hungyee@thestar.com.my

Increased supply to alleviate utility firm’s gas shortage in the longer term
PETALING JAYA: The RM15bil gas exploration project in the North Malay Basin, to be undertaken by Petroliam Nasional Bhd (Petronas) and its production-sharing contract (PSC) partners, will benefit a number oil and gas companies as well as utility giant Tenaga Nasional Bhd (TNB).
Analysts said the project would provide a boost to the oil and gas industry as contracts would be dished out for the commissioning of the new project as well as the increase in gas volume for Petronas' customers.
A key customer is TNB, which has been facing prolonged gas shortage for months and is currently getting 30% less than it is supposed to. TNB said the gas curtailment exercise by Petronas had severely impacted its bottom line, prompting the company to issue a warning on its profitability and dividend payment.
The project will give assurance of supply in the longer term. But this will not solve the immediate gas shortage problem in the country. — SKR Research Head Chris Eng
On average, TNB was getting about 900 million standard cu ft per day (mmscfd), far from the usual rate of 1,250 mmscfd.
“It will be good for the industry. It means there will be more assurance of gas supply in the country. The project will give assurance of supply in the longer term. But this will not solve the immediate gas shortage problem in the country,” said OSK Research head Chris Eng.
A local bank-backed analyst said although the project would not solve the immediate gas shortage problem as the first gas was expected in 2013, the project was nevertheless a boost for Petronas customers.
“It remains to be seen how much gas will TNB get in the future, given the increase in gas capacity when the North Malay Basin project comes on stream,” he said.
Based on TNB's current gas power generation capacity, the volume needed is about 1,700 mmcfd. The power sector is entitled to about 1,350 mmscfd.
CIMB Research said the new project was a “positive development” forPetronas Gas Bhd, which would benefit from additional transport and processing revenues from 2013, when the first gas was expected.
The research house said Wah Seong Corp Bhd could also benefit from pipe-coating works.
OSK Research believes the first to benefit among the oil and gas support services providers would include fabricators (such as Kencana Petroleum Bhd and Malaysia Marine and Heavy Engineering Bhd), pipe layers (SapuraCrest Petroleum Bhd) and centralised tankage facilities operator Dialog Group Bhd.
The research house said there should be flow-through to vessel players like Perdana Petroleum BhdAlam Maritim Resources Bhd and Tanjung Offshore Bhd to transport the fabricated structures to the offshore platforms.
Subsequently, the hook-up and commissioning as well as brownfield service providers like Dayang Enterprise Holdings BhdPetra Energy Bhd and even Kencana may benefit from the initial set-up and maintenance activities on the platforms. KNM Group Bhd may also get some jobs for its process equipment segment even though the bulk of its sales are from outside Malaysia.
OSK Research analyst Jason Yap said the main objective of the project was to “help sustain the supply of gas” to Petronas customers in Peninsular Malaysia.
“And, in doing so, Petronas would be able to benefit from the recently introduced incentives by the Government, particularly for the development of marginal fields, high carbon dioxide gas fields and fields located in high-pressure, high-temperature conditions.
“Also, with the gradual revision of gas prices to domestic customers by the Government, this helps to make the project more economically feasible for Petronas and its PSC contractors,” Yap said.
On Tuesday, Petronas said it was embarking on the North Malay Basin upstream project to extract gas from fields off Peninsular Malaysia.
Petronas said the project comprised nine discovered gas fields within Blocks PM301 and PM302 and in the Bergading contract area, about 300km off the peninsula's coast.
“It will also involve the development of a new 200km pipeline to transport gas from the fields to Kertih, Terengganu. The project is estimated to cost RM15bil.
“Petronas and its PSC partners are undertaking the project on an accelerated basis. First delivery of 100 million mmscfd is expected by early 2013, ramping up to 250 mmscfd by 2015,” it said.

Should I study for an MBA?


Date: 03/06/2011

By Sean O'Hare
A Masters in Business Administration (MBA) is a vocational qualification designed to speed up career progression or facilitate a career change.

Candidates are supposed to be mobile, bright and ambitious, and over a 100,000 of them take up the full-time challenge each year, with a further 300,000 students opting for part-time and online study.

In today's economic climate where competition for jobs is fierce, an MBA certificate not only gives candidates more choice in the job market, but can often make the paper thin difference between securing a second interview and being turned down. 

More specifically, an MBA cultivates sought-after technical and personal skills, as well as providing access to an international network of usually well-connected alumni, who might be able to help not only with contacts, funding and advice but often with friendship in a foreign country.

For those interested in becoming an international manager in a multinational company, it is worth bearing in mind that an MBA is usually the prerequisite qualification. 

Deciding to study for an MBA is one of the toughest professional decisions you are likely to make. In order to make that decision a little easier, we put the following questions to Nunzio Quacquarelli, managing director of QS, a leading global career and education network that provides a platform for universities, business schools and employers to target, meet and select the best qualified candidates from around the world.

How does a candidate select the right MBA course and institution?

"With so many schools to pick from, MBA candidates need to carefully research their choice of institution to ensure that it matches their personal requirements.

Candidates need a rational selection approach deciding  which criteria matter. Identifying and then getting into the right school is often the biggest challenge 

According to QS TopMBA Applicant Research, the most popular selection criteria for UK MBA applicants, in order of importance, are:

1) An institutions career placement record

2) Return on investment

3) Reputation of the school

4) Quality of academic staff

5) Specialisations

6) Student profile

7) Rankings

8) Scholarships

9) Location

10) Length of course

One of the best ways to choose the right school is to actually meet with admissions officers. Admissions offices of over 100 leading business schools will visit London with the QS World MBA Tour on October 29th."

What should candidates expect from the course?

"All MBA courses are slightly different, though they have common elements. The traditional general management MBA provides an introduction to core disciplines like: finance, marketing, economics and accounting followed by more in depth courses with a broad range of modules; from entrepreneurial management, to organisational structures, to leadership.

In recent years, MBA studies have innovated a great deal, placing more emphasis on developing interpersonal and communication skills, as well as including business ethics and social entrepreneurship as core components. Practical learning through live consultancy assignments and multi-disciplinary project work is also becoming more widespread.

There have also been a growing number of specialist MBA programs launched in the last decade that concentrate on industry or functional areas, like; luxury brand management MBA at ESSEC or the football management MBA at Liverpool University."

Is it likely to pay off?

"An MBA is a lifetime investment in an individual’s human capital. It is probably the most important investments you will ever make – certainly more important than buying a house – because it will affect your future income over their rest of your professional career.

Over 90 per cent of MBA candidates experience a 40-100 per cent uplift in salary pre-to post-MBA with the European-North American average salary being £61,500 in 2010.

For a one year MBA earning less than £30,000 pre-MBA, the payback period on a top course will be under three years.

For a two year top-tier MBA the payback period is less than five years. Over a 25 year career, the net present value of the salary surplus will be in excess of £2 million."
 

Find out more:





http://courses.telegraph.co.uk/news/should-i-study-for-an-mba/16/?utm_source=tmg&utm_medium=top5_mba&utm_campaign=courses

Wednesday 24 August 2011

Black Scholes Option Calculation


Black Scholes Model¶
The Black-Scholes stock option pricing formula uses five variables to compute the price of a stock option. The variables are the time remaining until the stock option expires, the price of the underlying security, the strike price of the stock option, time value of money, and the volatility of the underlying security.

Black and Scholes The Black-Scholes stock option pricing formula was developed by Fischer Black and Myron Scholes in the 1960s in an effort to solve the problem of determining fair prices for stock options and other financial derivatives. The formula can be used to price various financial derivatives. There are several variations of the Black-Scholes formula, and there are also other formulas used to price options and other financial derivatives.

http://www.wikicfo.com/Wiki/Black%20Scholes%20Option%20Calculation.ashx

Intrinsic Value – Stock Options

Intrinsic Value of a Stock Option

Intrinsic value is one of the factors – along with time value – that contribute to the value of a stock option. For an in-the-money stock option, intrinsic value is the difference between the strike price and the price of the underlying stock. For an option that is at-the-money or out-of-the-money, the intrinsic value is zero. An option’s intrinsic value cannot be negative, because if the option is not worth anything, the option holder would not exercise it.

Intrinsic Value – Call Option 

For an in-the-money call option, the intrinsic value equals the price of the underlying stock minus the option’s strike price. (If the stock option is at-the-money or out-of-the-money, the intrinsic value is always zero.)

Call Option Intrinsic Value = Stock Price – Strike Price

Intrinsic Value – Put Option

For an in-the-money put option, the intrinsic value equals the stock option’s strike price minus the price of the underlying stock. (If the option is at-the-money or out-of-the-money, the intrinsic value is always zero.)

Put Option Intrinsic Value = Strike Price – Stock Price



http://www.wikicfo.com/Wiki/Intrinsic%20Value%20Stock%20Options.ashx

Insider Trading

Insider Trading Defined

Insider trading is buying or selling stock based on nonpublic information that will affect the stock’s price. A company’s executives and directors have access to significant information regarding the company’s activities. These people could easily profit by buying or selling the stock based on the private information they have. However, doing so is illegal. 

Insider trading, in certain circumstances, is prohibited by SEC regulations. The idea is that trading based on private information is unfair. If insider trading were legal, insiders could make huge profits by buying or selling a company’s stock just before important information is made available to the public. This behavior would put the investing public at a tremendous disadvantage in terms of buying and selling financial securities.

Insider trading is not always illegal. Typically, someone labeled an insider will have designated windows of opportunity throughout the year in which to legally buy or sell the company’s stock. Executives and managers are often awarded stock options, CEOs and directors often own significant amounts of their company’s stock. These people should be able to buy and sell their stock. And they can. But it must be done according to the rules. Insiders must notify the SEC regarding their buying and selling transactions. 

Under certain conditions, if an executive announces publicly that he will sell a certain amount of shares or value of stock at a specified date every year, then he may do so each year without it being considered illegal insider trading. Likewise, managers or executives with access to nonpublic information may buy or sell stock after that information has been made available to the public.

Insider Trading Example

For example, imagine an executive at a large publicly traded corporation who sees the company’s income statement before it is issued to the public via the annual report. The executive sees that the corporation suffered big losses in the current period. Once the Wall Street analysts see these numbers, the company will be downgraded and the stock will decline.

If insider trading were allowed, the executive could quickly go out and sell the company’s stock short, or else he could tell his broker and his friends and family members to sell the stock short. Selling a stock short makes a profit when the stock price goes down. When the reports are finally made public, the stock plummets, and the executive and his friends and family all make a lot of money. Meanwhile, the investors who owned the company’s stock but did not have access to the private information suffered losses.

Who is an Insider?

Technically, an insider is anyone who has access to material nonpublic information regarding a company. Examples of insiders include executives, directors, managers, shareholders with a 10% or greater stake in the company, and the close family members of these people. Insiders may also include lawyers, brokers, investment bankers, and printers of financial documents. It is illegal for insiders to buy or sell a stock based on material nonpublic information.

What is Insider Information?

Inside information is any material nonpublic information regarding a company that could affect the company’s stock price. The information is nonpublic if it has not yet been disclosed to the investing public. The information is material if its disclosure could impact the company’s stock price. Examples of insider information include access to unreleased earnings reports, knowledge of a pending or imminent takeover or merger, or knowledge of any other kind that is of value to investors.



http://www.wikicfo.com/Wiki/Insider%20Trading.ashx

Capitalization

Capitalization in Finance

In finance, capitalization is the sum of a company’s debt and equity. It represents the capital invested in the company, including bonds and stocks. 

Capitalization can also mean market capitalization. Market capitalization is the value of a company’s outstanding shares of stock and it represents the value of the firm according to investors’ perceptions. It is equal to the number of shares outstanding multiplied by the share price.

Market Capitalization = Shares Outstanding x Share Price

Capitalization in Accounting

In accounting, capitalization refers to recording costs as assets on the balance sheet instead of as expenses on the income statement. A company may record the purchase price of an asset, as well as the asset’s acquisition costs, such as transportation and setup, as assets on the balance sheet.

Capitalization also refers to transferring an off-balance-sheet operating lease onto the balance sheet and recording it as a capital lease. To do this, calculate the present value of the future operating lease payments and record the amount on the balance sheet as an asset with a corresponding liability. 
Capitalization of Cost

For example, a manufacturing company may record the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and overhead as assets – where labor and overhead would be capitalized costs. The assets (including the capitalized costs) are then transferred to the income statement as costs of goods sold as the underlying assets are sold to customers. Capitalizing costs increases the value of total assets and equity on the balance sheet, as well as net income on the income statement. 



http://www.wikicfo.com/Wiki/Capitalization.ashx

Company Life Cycle

Broadly speaking, companies progress through a predictable series of phases called the company life cycle.

The life cycle starts with the startup phase, moves into the rapid growth phase, followed by the maturity phase, and finally the last phase is decline.

The duration of the individual stages varies widely across industries and differs between individual companies.

The phases differ in terms of characteristics related to profitability and financing needs.


Stages of the Company Lifecycle

The startup phase is the first phase in the company life cycle. Companies in this stage are typically losing money, developing products, and struggling to secure a position in the marketplace.

The next phase in the company life cycle is the rapid growth phase. In this phase the company begins to generate profits. This phase is also characterized by rapid expansion and an increased need for and dependence upon outside financing to sustain the rapid growth.

The third phase is maturity. In this phase growth and expansion slow and the need for outside sources of capital subsides. The company is generating enough profits and cash flows to invest in all available projects.

The final stage is decline. During this phase the company remains profitable but sales decline. The company has more cash than it needs for all available corporate projects.

Company Life Cycle Phases

1. Startup
2. Rapid Growth
3. Maturity
4. Decline

Source:
Higgins, Robert C. “Analysis for Financial Management”, McGraw-Hill Irwin, New York, NY, 2007.

http://www.wikicfo.com/Wiki/Basis%20Definition.ashx

The Human Life Cycle

Marketplace  : The Procure to Pay Life Cycle

Investment Life Cycle










Strategies and finance for all stages of the business life cycle


Who Will Buy_Heading
Who Will Buy_intro

dotted line

The business life cycle theory is very much alive and kicking. Most of us are well aware of the failure rate of starts-ups. Around the world, the statistics tell the same story – 50 per cent of privately owned businesses fail in the first year and 95 per within the first five years.

While a certain amount of attrition is inevitable, it is important to understand the life cycle of a business and where strategy and finance can have the greatest impact.

What life cycle are we talking about - business, industry or product?
Well they all typically follow a pattern: start-up stage, growth, maturity and then decline. And all are important. The business life cycle tracks how a business starts, grows and eventually declines. Clearly, the start-up stage is a high-risk time and the causes for business failure can vary from a lack of capital, poor management or because it was just not a good business idea from the beginning. 

What are less understood are the reasons why later on in its life a business plateaus out, and stagnation occurs, with the result that the rates of growth experienced earlier in the cycle become unsustainable. Most evidence around this problem points to an implicit change in the objectives of the shareholder/owner/manager as they become stale and lose focus. Rather than being the driving force behind the business, the owner/manager becomes a handbrake, forgetting or simply unaware that continuous value innovation, monitoring and improvement lead to growth and success. 

Just like people, a business needs rejuvenation from time to time and this is typically achieved through a change of the CEO, a merger, a take-over or an insolvency event that can cut away the dead wood. 
Arrow - blue Who Will Buy_BusinessLifeCycle_h

So how do strategy and finance change over the different stages of the business life cycle?

Who Will Buy_BusinessLifeCycle

A moment’s reflection on the table above shows that it is important to understand where we are in the business life cycle, as it determines what strategy we should follow. In addition, our reaction to a particular KPI can differ greatly depending on the life cycle stage of the business.

Arrow - green Who Will Buy_IndustyLifeCycle_h

The industry life cycle follows the way aggregated businesses within an industry trend over time.
There are no rules for defining an industry, but it is typically classified through one of the stages of the overall value chain, or the nature of the products the business sells. 

For example, a grape producer growing grapes for wine is simultaneously in the wine industry and the primary production industry. So the grape producer would need to observe what is happening with trends and issues in the manufacture, distribution, retailing and consumption of wine, in addition to the trends and issues impacting on primary producers.

While all industries do follow a life cycle, some move through it quicker than others. Agriculture as an industry is certainly changing. If one were to study the history of agriculture, human beings only started to trade when they had agricultural surpluses. Leap ahead to today and a return on investment is very difficult to achieve without the ability to mass produce. That’s the reason the ‘family farm’ is no longer a viable model and why agribusiness is now controlled by large corporate organizations. The change in the business model of a primary producer has shifted enormously as the industry has moved through its life cycle. 

Who Will Buy_IndustryLife_Graph

Further observation as described in the table above shows it is important to understand where we are in the industry life cycle as it determines what strategy we should follow. Also our reaction to a particular Return on Investment KPI differs greatly depending on our stage in the cycle.

arrow_red Who Will Buy_ProductLifeCycle_h

The product life cycle is somewhat different – it is certainly shorter than the other two, and can take a terminal turn at very short notice (i.e. the product can drop out of favor with consumers very quickly).

The interesting thing about product life cycles is that typically there is a lot of activity that happens before the product is released to the market, i.e. research, concept development, design, testing, manufacture and launch. In many respects this is the invisible part of the product life cycle – the more visible part is the product launch, early penetration, early adoption, mature and then decline. 
Who Will Buy_ProductLife_Graph

As the table above shows, the strategies to follow – and what should be measured and managed – can change significantly depending on the product’s position in its life cycle.

Importantly, all businesses, irrespective of whether they are smaller single businesses or business units within a large corporation, can learn a great deal from studying the life cycle theory. Having distinguished what stage your business is at, industry and product life cycles can help you to determine your strategic focus, and provide a greater understanding of some of the trends your financial KPIs reveal.


Product Life Cycle

Industry Life Cycle and profits

Angel Investors and Venture Capital

Tuesday 23 August 2011

Economic Cycle versus Stock Market Cycle




Sam Stovall's Sector Investing, 1996 states that different sectors are stronger at different points along the business cycle. The table below describes this theoretical model throughout the business cycle.
Stage: 
Consumer Expectations: 
Industrial Production: 
Interest Rates: 
Yield Curve:
Full Recession
Reviving
Bottoming Out
Falling
Normal
Early Recovery
Rising
Rising
Bottoming Out
Normal (Steep)
Full Recovery
Declining
Flat
Rising Rapidly (Fed)
Flattening Out
Early Recession
Falling Sharply
Falling
Peaking
Flat/Inverted
The graph below, courtesy of StockCharts.com , shows these relationships and the order the key sectors respond to the economic cycle. The Stock Market Cycle precedes the Economic Cycle as investors try to anticipate how the market will react to the changes to the economy.




Life Cycle of Company






















Life Cycle of a Growth Stock (BBB)

What's Beyond for Bed Bath and Beyond?



Location: BlogsAsk Doug!    
Posted by: Doug Gerlach5/1/2007 3:17 PM
It's certainly true that Bed Bath & Beyond's (BBBY) price hasn't shown any consistency in the past few years, bouncing between a low of $31.56 in March 2003 and a high of $46.00 in July 2005. While it's not uncommon for stock prices to get stuck in a rut, what's a bit unusual about Bed Bath & Beyond is that the stock's earnings and revenues have been getting continually larger. As you can see from the black price bars on the graph below, BBBY's stock price has stalled since 2003.


So why hasn't the company's stock price risen along with sales and profits? One likely explanation is that the company is reaching a new stage in its company life cycle in which its EPS and Revenue growth rates will likely slow. BBBY's fiscal 2006 annual revenues were $6.6 billion, and opportunities for fast growth are harder to come by for a company of that size.

Consider the following illustration of the typical life cycle of a company. Once a new company makes it through the initial startup stage and passes the break-even point, it can grow explosively, in excess of 30% or more a year. These fast-growing companies can be excellent investment opportunities, though often it's the momentum traders and short-term focused investors who make the markets for these stocks. These kinds of stocks are often richly valued, with PE Ratios that anticipate continuing growth at very high annualized rates, and, therefore, long-term, growth-oriented investors may not have many opportunities to buy them at reasonable prices.

Ultimately, though, such rapid growth must ebb. It's simply impossible for a company to maintain such high growth on an indefinite basis. When investors begin to see that growth is slowing, they often jump ship, driving down the PE Ratio and causing the stock's price to stall.

For BBBY, the signs of slowing growth actually began appearing several years ago. On the historical graph of revenues and earnings above, you can begin to see the slowdown most evidently in 2004, with annual high and low prices stalled in a range between $33 and $47. The average annual high and low PE Ratios have also been declining each year since 2002, too: the average high PE Ratio has fallen from 37.7 to 20.7 and the average low PE Ratio has fallen from 27.0 to 14.8.

From a visual analysis of sales and earnings, it's not at all clear that the slowdown in growth and the falling prices and PE Ratios are so tightly connected. What's not apparent from the above graph is that the growth rates have been falling significantly for several years. Here is a graph of the historical growth rates for the past 1- to 9-year periods of the last decade.

Now it's obvious that the growth of the past year is much, much lower than the 9-year annualized growth rate of the company for both EPS and Revenues. (Incidentally, this graph is from Investor's Toolkit 5.)

In light of the slowing growth rates, you can see why some investors are a little reluctant to buy BBBY at the current situation. The company is in transition from being a 30% annual grower to one that grows at likely half that rate, and it can take the market several years to process the change as the company becomes a mature grower.

BBBY's sheer size does brings new competitive pressures, and Wall Street's bulls and bears are happy to debate whether or not company management is up to the challenge. Even though margins fell from 15.8% to 14.1% in 2006, BBBY's pre-tax profit margins are excellent within the retail industry. The current trailing PE Ratio of 19.9 is right around my calculated signature PE for the company, indicating that the stock is reasonably valued right now assuming an annualized EPS growth no less than 15%. Of course, the assumption that BBBY's growth will stabilize somewhere between 15% and 20% annually is key to the attractiveness of the company's long-term prospects. Even if margins fall a bit and growth is at the lower end of the range, BBBY might still be a solid long-term core holding for a portfolio.


Note: BBBY is currently rated a Buy up to $48 by the Investor Advisory Service. The comments above are Doug's alone, and do not represent the views of the independent analysts who cover BBBY for the IAS.


http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:http://www.stockcentral.com/tabid/159/EntryID/6/Default.aspx

Product life cycle patterns (Rink & Swan 1979).


Turnaround and Restructuring


Turnaround and Restructuring

Zobrazit stránku: ÄŒesky
Companies often exhibit the symptoms of financial distress well before a crisis erupts. In many cases, a downward spiral is not inevitable. It can be arrested and reversed. Early detection and swift, decisive action are the keys to restoring performance and value. That is why timely and expert advice is critical.
Our turnaround and restructuring practice provides advisory and insolvency services to lenders, creditors, companies and individuals who are experiencing a wide range of difficulties, from weakening performance and reduced operating profit, to crisis marked by severe cash flow problems and the imminent threat of insolvency. Company life cycle
We are able to rapidly identify problem areas, develop value-preserving and unique solutions, and then implement them swiftly and precisely. PwC is the world's largest provider of business recovery and insolvency services.
The Prague turnaround and restructuring team has many years of experience in major restructuring projects in the Czech Republic. We have provided our services to leading companies in the steel industry, the glass and porcelain industry, and the chemical industry. We focus on implementation with the aim of helping our client rather than on producing theoretical reports on different issues. This gives us depth and breadth that are unmatched in the market place.

How investors can avoid another 'lost decade'


Gold bars - How investors can avoid another 'lost decade'
Gold has been the star performer of the decade 


The past decade has been a grim one for investors, with stock markets failing to regain the peaks seen back at the turn of the Millennium, at the height of the dotcom boom.
For pension savers, Isa investors and those with long-term savings, the market movements over the past week have mirrored the peaks and troughs seen over the past decade – with a couple of years of strong gains disappearing as the bull run fell into another punishing and protracted fall.
This "lost decade" has coincided with a period when individuals are increasingly having to make their own long-term savings, be it for pensions, funding their children's university fees or helping them get a start on the housing ladder.
This has been a particular disaster for those fast heading towards retirement, who are simply running out of time to make up lost ground. At the same time they have been hit by a double whammy of lower interest rates – meaning "safer" assets such as cash are losing value in real terms – and falling annuity rates. As a result, over the past five years many have been forced to retire on far smaller pensions than they imagined.
However, it is not all doom and gloom. For all the talk of the "lost decade" there are a number of assets, sectors and funds that have delivered strong returns during this period.
Below we look at where the smart money has gone in recent years, and assess each area's chances of outperforming in the decade ahead.

GOLD

This has been the star performer of the decade, rising in value by 606pc since the stock market peaked in 1999. Those canny enough to have bought a few gold bars as the stock market started to slip in 2000 are now sitting on substantial gains.
Other metals, such as copper, silver and platinum, have also risen in value, as have oil and agricultural commodities such as corn and coffee. Not surprisingly, funds that invest in gold and commodities have seen even more stellar gains: BlackRock Gold & General has risen by 768pc over the past 10 years, while JP Morgan Natural Resources is 610pc higher.
As long as equity markets remain in turmoil the price of gold is likely to remain high – but most experts warn that at some point there will be a sharp correction. Commodity prices, though, continue to be fuelled by demand from rapidly industrialising emerging markets, in particular China, India, Brazil and Russia.

EMERGING MARKETS

In times of market volatility share price falls can be more dramatic in these emerging economies. Over the "lost decade", though, investors have seen a positive return on their money – although much will depend of course on where and when you were invested.
Since the end of 1999 the MSCI Emerging Markets index has delivered a total return of 163pc, compared with a FTSE 100 return of just 6.72pc (this is positive only because of dividend payments) and a return of 4.78pc from the MSCI World index.
However, many funds investing in this area have done far better than the index. Henderson China Opportunities has risen by 313pc over the period. First State Global Emerging Markets, managed for most of the period by Angus Tulloch, is up by 320pc over the past 10 years, while the Indian Nifty index (its 50 biggest companies) has grown by 551pc over the past decade.
Given the demographics of the region and its potential for growth, most experts agree that it has the potential to deliver returns in future. However, markets can be volatile, so investors are often warned to bank gains after periods of strong growth, perhaps using profits to invest in other undervalued assets.

PROPERTY

Given that house prices are on the slide again, property might not feel like a particularly robust investment. But the figures show that over the past decade it has remained one of the top performing assets. Based on the Halifax Property Price Index, home owners have seen a return of 101pc on bricks and mortar since the end of 1999.
Of course there will be huge regional variations within these figures – and the vast majority of us borrow to buy our homes, so clearly have interest charges to factor in to any notional "return". And we still do need a roof over our heads: it's not as if we can cash it all in and go and live in an Isa. However, this doesn't detract from the fact that when it comes to long-term saving and retirement planning people shouldn't overlook their property.

FUNDS

Even though the UK stock market has not regained its previous highs, this doesn't mean that funds investing in British shares haven't made money over this period. Dividend income remains an important part of the total return on pensions and Isas. In addition, most fund managers won't slavishly follow an index but will be looking to invest in companies whose share price will rise faster than peers in a rising market, but won't fall like a stone when things head south.
Special situation funds, for example, try to find undervalued companies with the potential to deliver gains and good managers in this sector are among the top performers. Marlborough Special Situations has delivered a 289pc return over 10 years; Fidelity Special Situations has returned 101pc.
Another notable success story has been Neil Woodford's Invesco Perpetual High Income fund, one of the biggest and most popular unit trusts. This defensive fund, which concentrates on stocks that have the potential to deliver a rising dividend stream as well as capital growth, has returned 120pc over the past 10 years – hardly a lost decade for the thousands of private investors who have entrusted their long-term savings to this fund manager.