Showing posts with label Price volatility. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Price volatility. Show all posts

Thursday 6 October 2011

Stock market volatility - getting used to it

Diary of a private investor: politicians have us in their grip

Once you become acclimatised to the market turbulence, the investment game is still worth playing.

Germany's Chancellor Angela Merkel (L), European Council President Herman Van Rompuy (back 2nd L), Greece's Prime Minister George Papandreou and France's President Nicolas Sarkozy (R) leave the EU Council
German Chancellor Angela Merkel, Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou and French President Nicolas Sarkozy Photo: Reuters
Stock market volatility has been going on so long that one is almost getting used to it. It is the peacetime equivalent of living through a war and getting accustomed to siren wails. A share of mine drops 4pc and the next day falls another 7pc. Nothing unusual about that. If I can't take it, I should go and get treated for shell shock.
Often people who write in newspapers adopt a persona and, in particular, a confidence that is not genuine, let alone justified. Actually, most of us do not know what is going to happen. And in our personal investments and other financial decisions, we make mistakes like everyone else. Investment is living with uncertainty – knowing you will get it wrong some of the time but reckoning the game is still worth playing.
There is certainly no need to think that everyone but you is doing fine in the current crisis. I got the following email from a former chief investment officer of a major fund manager who now looks after his own money: "I am doing badly. I sell the wrong stocks, hold onto the wrong stocks and bottom fish in the wrong stocks." I know how he feels.
A couple of months ago, when the current crisis of confidence began, I sold off some of my shares in Telecom Plus, a utility company. I reasoned that people had been pushing the price up because it was a relatively safe bet in uncertain times but really the shares were now somewhat overrated. I sold when the shares had fallen a little and they have since risen, even above the level in July – a magnificent outperformance. Thank goodness I sold only a minority of my holding.
Right now the outlook for the markets seems to depend more on politicians than I can ever remember it doing before. They are often referred to on radio and television as "leaders", which I am beginning to find slightly risible. It is apparent that this bunch of "leaders" firstly does not really know what to do and secondly, to the extent that they have got ideas of what to do, their ideas are all different. It has a bit of a feel of the doomed Weimar Republic.
Of course it is not surprising that nothing can easily be done when the euro is a single currency without a single country running it.
Nevertheless, at any moment an announcement could conceivably be made which will overcome the widespread fear and distrust. If that happens, the market could rise so fast that you would not be able to get any money into it. But if the "leaders" continue to dribble out half-hearted rescues that don't work, the market could fall further. It's up to those "leaders".
Despite all the uncertainty and volatility, I have been buying some shares in the past month, bringing my cash down from about 14pc of my portfolio to 10pc.
One notion of mine has been to secure some of the fabulous dividend yields that are currently available. I half-think "forget about the share prices, just focus on the whopping dividend income".
Apparently investors in the United States have had the same thought and have been buying into exchange-traded funds (ETFs).
ETFs are funds you can buy and sell like shares and give you exposure to a particular kind of investment – like gold, or a whole stock market, or whatever.
There is an equivalent one in Britain called iShares FTSE UK Dividend Plus, but it might be better to buy directly into big companies with handsome prospective yields, such as Vodafone (5.8pc with the price at 164p), Shell (5.2pc at £20.27) and British Land (5.5pc at 490p).
At least one piece of good news has turned up. It now looks likely that the Bank of England will finally put in place some quantitative easing either this month or next.
The minutes of the Monetary Policy Committee openly raised the possibility last month and one of the members has said he almost voted for it then.
Some people have objected in the past that there is a danger it could fuel inflation. But wage inflation is dormant and commodity prices have now fallen back.
I am particularly aware of this since I have shares in a zinc mine and the price of this estimable metal has slipped from $1.12 in July to 86 cents earlier this week. Ouch!

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/investing/shares-and-stock-tips/8798796/Diary-of-a-private-investor-politicians-have-us-in-their-grip.html

Wednesday 9 February 2011

Reverse Your Emotions. React Intelligently to the Market. It freaks out from time to time.

Benjamin Graham:  "Nobody ever knows what the market will do, but we can react intelligently to what it does do."

If the price is rising and everything you liked about the company still persists, such as strong earnings, high margins, low debt, and steady cash flow, then you might decide to invest more.  The market is finally recognizing what a great company you're invested in and people are beginning to buy.  As William O'Neil recommends, you should move more money into that winner.  Business owners buy more of what's working.

If the price is falling and everything you liked about the company still persists, you just stumbled onto a great company at a bargain price.  It's incidental that you happen to already own shares purchased at a higher price, you still have the chance to buy a great company on sale.

Think of owning property.  Say you bought a 10-acre parcel at $5,000 an acre because of its beautiful meadows and stream.  You build your dream home there.  Two years later, another 10-acre parcel adjacent to yours goes on sale for only $2,000 an acre.  It contains different parts of the same beautiful meadows and a different section of the same stream.  Would you react by selling the land and home you already own?  Of course not!  It's still beautiful.  Instead, you'd snap up the adjacent lot because of its identical beauty and the fact that it's selling at 60 percent less than what you paid for the first parcel.  That, in a sense, is exactly how you should react when a perfectly solid company drops in price without any fundamental reason for doing so.

React intelligently to the market.  It freaks out from time to time, but you don't need to.

  • If the market goes haywire and drops the price of your company for no reason, smile coolly and buy more shares.  
  • If the market goes haywire and drives the price of your stock through the clouds, buy more on the way up. (However, don't buy and consider selling bubbly priced stock).


Master investors say to buy more of what's working and to take advantage of price dips.  That seems to mean that no matter what's happening, you should buy more.  That's only true regarding price.  Price is not really the most important thing.  It seems to be and it's eventually the bottom line, but in the course of stock ownership there are a lot of things more important.  For instance, Warren Buffett keeps an eye on profit margins and return on equity.  If the company remains strong and keep doing everything right, the market will eventually catch on and the price will rise.

If you bought quality companies after conducting thorough research, you have little to fear in the markets.  You will prosper over time.  The market will rise and fall, gurus will claim to know where it's going and when, you will hold winners and losers, and by reacting intelligently to all this cacophony your profits will mount.


Thursday 20 January 2011

Market Behaviour: Pendulum Swings (Volatility)

Your work isn't finished once you own a stock.  You must be psychologically ready to deal with the pendulum swings (volatility) of the market.  Any stock you buy will go up and will go down.  The trick is to not get caught up in these ups and downs, but to stick to the plan you had for the stock when you picked it.

Don't watch CNBC and the other news shows that follow the market as though it's a sports game.  that will just make it harder for you to stick to your plan.  You don't have to know exactly what the price of your stock is each day.  Watching your stocks that closely will just make you nervous and most likely lead you to make the wrong choices.

Your best bet is to not watch the financial news on TV.  Read the respected financial press, such as The Wall Street Journal and the Financial Times, to stay up on the critical news about the companies you follow and get ideas for new possible investments.

You'll find much more serious, in-depth stories in the financial press.  These stories will help you make the best choices in building your portfolio.





Related topics:

Friday 14 January 2011

A Brief Look at Malayan Banking Bhd

Malayan Banking Berhad Company

Business Description:
Malayan Banking Berhad (Maybank) is engaged in the business of banking and finance. Through its subsidiaries, Maybank operates in six segments, which include

  1. consumer banking, 
  2. business and corporate banking, 
  3. global market, 
  4. investment banking,
  5. insurance and asset management and 
  6. international banking. 
Its global market segment comprises the full range of products and services relating to treasury activities and services, including foreign exchange, money market, derivates and trading of capital market instruments. Its investment banking segment comprises the business of an investment bank, discount house and securities broker. Its insurance and asset management segment comprises the business of underwriting all classes of general and life insurance, offshore investment life insurance, general takaful and family takaful, asset and fund management, nominee and trustee services and custodian services.




Current Price (7/1/2011): 9.00
Employees: 40,000
Market Cap: 65,900,163,519
Shares Outstanding: 7,322,240,391
Closely Held Shares: 4,362,026,586

2004 DPS 30.6 EPS 47.7
2005 DPS 53.7 EPS 47.6
2006 DPS 43.3 EPS 52.2
2007 DPS 41.3 EPS 57.8
2008 DPS 32.1 EPS 58.3
2009 DPS 6.00 EPS 33.5
2010 DPS 55.0 EPS 53.94
1Q11 DPS - EPS 14.53 NTA 4.0007

Estimated EPS for FY 2011 4*14.53 = 58.12 sen
Projected PE for FY 2011 = 15.5 x

Historical
5 Yr
PE range 11.3 - 17.4
DY range 5.4% - 3.6%

10 Yr
PE range 14.1 - 20.4
DY range 4.7% - 3.4%







Announcement
Date
Financial
Yr. End
QtrPeriod EndRevenue
RM '000
Profit/Lost
RM'000
EPSAmended
12-Nov-1030-Jun-11130-Sep-105,001,9231,053,64014.53-
20-Aug-1030-Jun-10430-Jun-104,737,314975,03312.89-
13-May-1030-Jun-10331-Mar-104,586,4541,063,28414.56-
09-Feb-1030-Jun-10231-Dec-094,671,3381,023,38014.04-





Capital Changes
2008 1/4 Bonus
2009 9/20 Rights @ RM 2.74


Related reading:

Risk comes from misjudgement of a company's prospects, not price volatility

Wednesday 22 December 2010

Marc Faber: "If you cannot swallow a 30% correction in whatever you buy, then don't even get up in the morning from your bed."

A 30% correction in emerging markets?

More money than you can imagine. Billions and trillions of currency notes. The Fed's quantitative easing program sent a lot of cheap money floating around the world. This money directly found its way to emerging markets. With high interest rates, and strong economic recoveries, the flow of money in this direction was but obvious.

For a while, increased cash makes everyone feel happy. FIIs pumped in a total of US$ 29.3 bn in India so far in 2010. This sent stock prices soaring. The very same stocks which were selling at their lows a year back, reached their lifetime highs. Stock markets climbed quickly to their previous peaks.

But, was the excess money even needed in the first place? Increased inflows of money have led to inflationary pressure, currency appreciation and asset bubbles forming in these countries. According to Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz, these are "considerable risks". So, how do the emerging markets react? Well, economies from San Paulo to New Delhi have been trying hard to control these volatile capital inflows. Brazil raised its taxes on foreign bond purchases by almost three times. India tried to raise interest rates to stem rampant inflation.

But now, India has inadvertently done something to further reduce FII inflows. The recent bribery scams, stock price riggings and political uncertainty led to FIIs dropping Indian stocks like hot potatoes. The pace of FII inflows has slowed down considerably over the past three months. Marc Faber believes that emerging markets could easily see a 20-30% correction. Tightening monetary conditions, high crude prices and food supply concerns are all adding to the mess.

But, if you bought the right stocks at the right valuations and with the right management, you may still be safe. We believe that Faber has it right by saying that if you cannot swallow a 30% correction in whatever you buy, then don't even get up in the morning from your bed.

Equimaster

Monday 26 July 2010

What is the correct company value? Value versus Price



What is the correct company value?

Nobel Prize winner in Economics, Milton Friedman, has said; “the only concept/theory which has gained universal acceptance by economists is that the value of an asset is determined by the expected benefits it will generate”.

Value is not the same as price. Price is what the market is willing to pay. Even if the value is high, most want to pay as little as possible. One basic relationship will be the investor’s demand for return on capital – investor’s expected return rate. There will always be alternative investments, and in a free market, investor will compare the investment alternatives attractiveness against his demand for return on invested capital. If the expected return on invested capital exceeds the investments future capital proceeds, the investment is considered less attractive.

value-vs-price_chart1

http://www.strategy-at-risk.com/2009/02/15/what-is-the-correct-company-value/

Friday 23 July 2010

Volatility Play Investing

Volatility Play Investing

A method of trading stocks that myself and my team have developed. It involves buying and selling the same stocks, again and again, as they undergo repetitive fluctuation in price. 




Monday 19 July 2010

Finding Opportunities Amidst Volatile Markets


Finding Opportunities Amidst Volatile Markets by
Wong Sui Jau, General Manager
Fundsupermart


View Video with Slides


This talk was delivered on 18th October 2008
Below are the 'printed' notes of the slides.


Markets Year to Date
Market ... Indices ... YTD as at 10th Oct 2008
China ... HSMCI Index ... -54.10%
Emerging Markets ... MXEF ...-52.5%
Asia ex-Japan ... MXASJ Index ... -51.80%
India ...SENSEX Index ... -48.60%
Hong Kong ... HSI Index ... -46.80%
Nikkei 225 ... NKY Index ... -45.90%
Singapore ... STI Index ... -43.80%
Europe ...SX5P Index ... -43.70%
Taiwan ... TWSE Index ... -39.70%
US ... SPX Index ... -38.80%
Malaysia ... KLCI Index ... -35.40%
Korea ... KOSPI Index ... -34.60%

Source:  Bloomberg



Bad News Abound
  • More losses expected from the ongoing US financial crisis there.
  • US likely to fall into recession.
  • Europe and Japan economies now also facing a slump.
  • Asia will be affected as well.

How to handle all the Turbulence?
  • With the large movements in markets so far this year, many investors may be considering going all cash.
  • Is cash the best alternative for investors?
  • Inflation levels in Malaysia is high, likely to be at least above 6% in 2008 with food prices going up.
  • Negative real short term interest rates very possible this 2008
  • Trying to time the market too closely and selling out when faced with a flood of bad news and sentiment is often not the best move.
  • Why?

Some of the worst bears and best bulls
HK
Market Crashes:  Sept 87 to Nov 87 -45.8%
Market Recoveries:  Nov 87 to Dec 93 +281.5%

HK 
Market Crashes:  Jul 81 to Nov 82 -59.1%
Market Recoveries:  Nov 82 to Dec 86 +264.8%

Korea
Market Crashes:  Apr 96 to Jun 98  -69.6%
Market Recoveries:  Jun 98 to Dec 99  +245.1%

Singapore 
Market Crashes:  Feb 97 to Aug 98  -58.4%
Market Recoveries:  Aug 98 to Dec 99  +189.5%

HK 
Market Crashes:  Feb 73 to Dec 74  -89.5%
Market Recoveries:  Dec 74 to Mar 76  +166.4%

US 
Market Crashes:  Mar 37 to Apr 42  -57.3%
Market Recoveries:  Apr 42 to May 46  +150.4%

US 
Market Crashes:  Aug 29 to Jun 32  -86.0%
Market Recoveries:  Jun 32 to Jun 33  +146.3%

Singapore 
Market Crashes:  Jul 90 to Sep 90   -33.2%
Market Recoveries:  Sep 90 to Dec 93  +141.6%


Some observations
  • Bear markets do not last forever.  Market crashes have ranged anywhere from a few months to a few years in length.  (Most tend to last just a few months to one year though).
  • The best rebounds happen after the market crashes (can be as much as 100% or more).
  • Missing out on these rebounds can affect one's overall return significantly.

Dealing with our emotions
  • The main culprit that affects our returns from volatility is that our emotions often cause us to buy high and sell low.
  • Right now, with many Asian markets had already slumped 40% to over 50% from their peak, some markets are priced very attractively - is this the right time to lose your confidence?
  • Choosing to sell out of markets now only make it that much harder emotionally to re-enter markets again even when they have truly bottomed out.

Bad news is not always bad
  • Interestingly, a time when bad news abound is not necessarily bad.
  • Historically, it is when everything looks rosy, when there is no black cloud at all, when markets are expensive.
  • Historically, it is when everything looks bleak, with little to be positive about when markets are cheap.

Don't wait for bad news to end
  • Markets are forward looking.  When they are see some signs of improvement, they will rebound.
  • By the time the recovery actually takes place, they would be up already.
  • At near to market bottoms, everything looks bad.
  • When did the US market bottom during the period of the second world war?  (It started in 1939 and ended in 1945).

Past bottoms
  • The bottom of the US market during the second world war was in April 1942.  (The war ended in 1945)
  • The bottom of the US market, during the saving and loans crisis was in Sep 1990.  (Banks were still going bankrupt all the way up till 1993).

Now is a good time for making money
  • Money is made by buying low and selling high.
  • Good news abound during times of market highs, and bad news abound during times of market lows.
  • So, the prevalent bad news all around now, is a signal that markets are low.
  • Another signal is low valuations of markets in general.

Our views on various issues
  • US in a recession and the ongoing US financial Crisis.
  • Where we find bargains and value at this point in time.

US is likely already in Recession
  • US property market slump continues.
  • Financial sector in turmoil due to subprime woes, further losses expected.
  • Consumer sentiment is going to be hit and large portion of these consumers are spending on credit and paying mortgages at the same time.
  • Federal Reserves efforts won't prevent this.
  • US is already in a recession.

Where we see bargains
Asian Equities
  • Asian markets are oversold.
  • Asian valuations are currently at very attractive levels.
  • Asian remains a high growth region.
  • Asian financials have very little exposure to the toxic sub prime related mortgages.

Valuations have come down.
MSCI Asia Excluding Japan and Estimated PE
In Jun 1997:  
Index level was 400
Estimated P/E was 20

In May 2000
Index level was 300+
Estimated P/E was 37

In Dec 2001  
Index level was 160
Estimated P/E was 12

In Nov 2007:  
Index level was 700
Estimated P/E was 20

(see graph)
Source: Bloomberg


Some tips on handling volatility
  • Try not to focus so much on the bad news.  Markets cannot drop 5 to 10% every day.
  • Have faith that markets and economies are self correcting, they won't go down forever.
  • Is the correction really all negative?  Falling markets can prevent buying opportunities.
  • Long term investing is less stressful and has a higher probability of making gains.
  • Diversify, diversity, diversify!

Yearly Return of MSCI World
1970 to 2007
(graph)
Source:  MSCI Bloomberg

Of these 38 years, the yearly returns of MSCI World were 
  • negative for 11 years, and
  • positive for 27 years.
Years with Negative Return:
1970
1973
1974
1977
1981
1989
1992
1994
2000
2001
2002


Cumulative 10 years are usuallly Positive
10 year Cumulative Returns of MSCI World Index
(graph)
Source:  MSCI Bloomberg



Diversify!
  • Diversification also forms a key part of lowering ones risk and easing the burden our emotions place on us during turbulent times.
  • Diversification prevents us from putting everything into just one market or asset and is a key part in how we form our portfolios.

Conclusion
  • Bad news abound, but that is not necessarily a bad thing.  It is a signal that markets are low.
  • We like - Asia ex Japan equities.
  • Stay invested, have a diversified portfolio and most importantly, keep calm!


http://www.investorexpo.com.my/webcast/webcast_flash_fundsupermart_20081018/

Sunday 18 July 2010

Seven Strategies For Investing During Volatile Markets

July 17, 2010   

Written by admin, in Investment & Trading

The markets don’t always behave the way we’d like them to: Geopolitical turmoil, natural disasters, interest rates and world events can have a profound effect on market movements. If recent market volatility has you concerned about the economy, you are not alone; this is a confusing time for many investors. Some have decided to stay the course, while others are sitting on the sidelines waiting for the market to rebound. However, since no one can predict how the markets will perform, it’s important to develop an investment strategy that can help you stay on the right track to meeting your long-term financial goals. Here are some strategies that you can implement today, that may help to manage risk during these uncertain times.

Work with a Financial Advisor. There are a lot of do-it-yourself investment resources available to investors today. However, none of those resources can replace the experienced, personal service a Financial Advisor provides. A Financial Advisor can offer an understanding of your complete financial picture, not just your investments. Additionally, in periods of market volatility when you need the most support, a Financial Advisor can provide:
  • Access to important decision-making research and information;
  • Ongoing monitoring of your investment portfolio, while anticipating your changing needs; and
  • A comprehensive market-volatility plan.
Have a plan. Developing a financial plan is one of the best ways to meet your long-term goals. Your plan should also include an action plan to address market volatility, which should be developed well in advance of a turbulent market. Having a market-volatility plan will help you to set realistic goals and appropriately manage your return expectations.

Invest regularly. It may not seem intuitive, but investing regularly—even during market downturns—can help to reduce your overall costs. Dollar cost averaging is one of the best ways to invest regularly, since you’re investing a fixed amount on a fixed schedule, regardless of how the markets perform. Investing regularly can also have intrinsic benefits: It encourages discipline and may also ease the anxiety of daily market fluctuations.

Diversify. If you’ve ever heard the saying, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket,” then you already have a basic understanding of diversification. Diversifying your portfolio can reduce risk and volatility if the assets have little or no correlation to each other.

Investing in mutual funds is one way to achieve portfolio diversification, since mutual funds are typically a diversified investment. There are also several other ways to diversify and potentially reduce portfolio volatility:
  • Within an asset category, such as purchasing different types of mutual funds;
  • Among asset categories, such as purchasing stocks and bonds; and
  • Outside of the United States, since some markets move opposite to the US stock market.
Put volatility to work for you. Do you think of the glass as half empty or half full? Your perspective can affect the investment decisions you make during market downturns. Investors who view market volatility negatively can make irrational decisions. A down market can be an opportunity for you to build your portfolio and take advantage of lower unit costs.

Stay invested. You are probably anxious during times when the value of your investments has decreased. As a result, you may be tempted to move out of the market, sit on the sidelines and wait for the market to rebound. However, since no one knows how the markets will move, how do you know you’re leaving at the right time? Also, how will you know when it is the right time to get off the sidelines and start investing again?

If you have worked with a Financial Advisor, your investment strategy was developed to help you meet your long-term goals. Timing the market could potentially jeopardize your financial plan—and your future goals.

Be patient. There will always be uncertainty in the markets; market volatility is a natural part of the investment cycle. Although it may take some time, markets do rebound.

In the meantime, call your Financial Advisor to help you develop an action plan for market volatility and continue to focus on your long-term investment goals rather than short-term market moves.

http://www.wallstreetstocks.net/seven-strategies-for-investing-during-volatile-markets

Saturday 19 June 2010

Foreign Investment funds now also 'surfing' (Vietnam News)

Foreign investment funds now also ‘surfing’
13:42' 10/12/2009 (GMT+7)
VietNamNet Bridge – Foreign investment funds, generally considered to be long term investors, have been observed making ‘surfing investments’ inVietnam’s stock market, according to a report in Dau Tu Chung Khoan.

A lot of investment funds have been set up over the last two years
Though on average, trading by foreign investors on Vietnam’s stock market just accounts for just seven percent of the market’s volume, their moves have always attracted attention.  That’s because the foreign investors are mainly investment funds – reputed to be professional, experienced and only rarely money-losers.

In two years, over 300 new foreign funds

In the early part of this decade, the first years of Vietnam’s stock market, only a few investment funds were active in Vietnam, among them Vietnam Dragon Fund, VinaCapital and Mekong Capital.  Because then there were only a few dozen companies listed on the bourse, it was easy to guess what the investment funds purchased and what they sold. A lot of domestic investors followed the  funds’ lead, hoping for a bigger profit.

As Vietnam’s stock market boomed, the number of foreign investment funds increased rapidly.  By 2007, there were 70, including Sumitomo Mitsui VN, Fullerton Vietnam Fund, Tong Yang VN, Maxford Growth - VN Focus, Vietnam Resource Investments (VRI) and Credit Agricole Fund, which mostly came from Japan, South Korea, Singapore and Malaysia. The rapidly growing stock market prompted fund management companies to set up more funds. Dragon Capital, for example, added two more funds, VinaCapital spawned Vinaland and Jaccar launched three funds.

According to the Ministry of Finance, by November 2009, Vietnam had had 46 fund management companies and 382 foreign investment funds. The figure is a five-fold increase over 2007.

Foreign funds also dabble in short-term buys

The investment strategies of new funds in Vietnam are not so clear yet. What is clear that there are some changes in the investment strategies of the longer-established funds.

The director of a well known foreign fund in Vietnam, who requested anonymity, commented that in view of the big gap between the VN Index’s highs and lows, no investment institution will dedicate all its investment capital to a buy and hold strategy. The VN Index crested 1,000 in late 2007, only to plunge to 200 in early 2009.  It is now hovering around 500.

Khong Van Minh, Director of the Jaccar Vietnam Fund, stresses that long term investment will remain the strategy of the fund.  However, in order to get adapted to Vietnam’s stock market’s conditions, investment funds will use part of their capital to make short term, profit-maximizing investments.

The 382 investment funds make different moves on the market.  What they have in common is ample capital, which allows them to purchase shares continuously in many trading sessions and then sell shares in many trading sessions

The managing director of the SAM Investment Fund says that “value investors” investors do not care if the market is rising or falling. They simply purchase shares when they find the prices reasonable.  He says that a reasonable range for the VN Index now is 500-550 points.

VietNamNet/DTCK

Saturday 29 May 2010

Investors learned the lessons of the recent recovery a bit too well

COMMENTARY
May 27, 2010, 5:00PM EST

The Sun Also Sets
Investors learned the lessons of the recent recovery a bit too well

By Roben Farzad

Who could blame an investor today for feeling a tad nostalgic for the Panic of 2008? There was a simplicity to the thing. It was such a brutal and impartial rout—slaying just about every asset class—that it made you want to swear off all markets forever. There was comfort to be found in stashing a shoebox full of $50 bills in the freezer. No paperwork. No jabberwocky from your broker. Just the reassuring face of Ulysses S. Grant juxtaposed with your cold, raw fear.

By March 2009, with U.S. stocks at 1996 levels, equities had returned less than Treasuries over the previous 10-, 20-, and 30-year periods—debunking the equity-risk premium so central to Econ 101. Until, of course, the market reversed course and surged 80 percent in 13 months, reminding investors that it was at least theoretically possible to make money in equities. That change of mood edged out fear just in time for the 2010 edition of the credit crisis, an international production that began with Greece's near-collapse and soon spread to Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Spain, and beyond. The Standard & Poor's 500-stock index has now fallen 12 percent in a month, its first official correction since the new bull began last spring.

Corrections are routine and even healthy events; they come along about once every 11 months on average and wring out the excesses and false expectations that rallies inevitably bring. "To the extent that current worries squeeze long positions, extinguish optimism, or even lead policymakers to pursue courses of action that are more supportive—not more punitive—for markets, the selloff may be creating more favorable entry points for investors to buy into a still recovering global economy," writes Stuart Schweitzer, global markets strategist for JPMorgan Private Bank, in a May 24 note to clients. That may all turn out to be true—provided investors don't panic, rush for the exits, and help turn a routine recovery into the second leg of a double-dip recession.

If the lesson of March 2009 is that the sun comes up—the most brutal selloff is just a prelude to the next rally—then the lesson of the recent runup is that the sun can shine too brightly, blinding us to boulders in the road. And then it can set.

With payrolls still slack and credit still tight, the contours of these peculiar economic times are becoming apparent. Last year's snapback is not going to bring a garden-variety, V-shaped recovery. Instead, investors are again having to confront the messy unfolding of a long and overly generous credit cycle, global in nature and marked by a spate of bank and business failures. How the economies of the world digest it is anyone's guess. When the next leg up begins, though, it will mark a critical milestone for a stock market that still needs to rally by almost half to revisit its 2007 high. Getting there despite profound economic challenges is going to take some hard traveling.

"In the U.S., we have no living precedent for this," says Donald Luskin, chief investment officer at strategy firm Trend Macrolytics, whose search for domestic parallels to this credit crisis took him all the way back to 1907. "We have had a living laboratory for it in Japan for the past 15 years. But in the U.S., we're all attuned to the little upticks in metrics that don't necessarily inform much." In other words, we seek auguries where there are none by comparing traditional business cycle statistics such as payrolls and housing starts to once-in-a-lifetime lows from late 2008 and early 2009. Luskin predicts the market will be range-bound for at least five more years as companies and consumers shed debt. "This is not a particularly bearish view," he says. "It's just the expansion-less, low-return world we're now in."

Luskin's unenthusiastic outlook—which contrasts with the prevailing optimism among Wall Street strategists in a May 25 Bloomberg survey—brings to mind the "new normal" paradigm coined last year by Bill Gross and Mohamed El-Erian at Pimco, the bond giant. The idea is that a bitter confluence of deleveraging and reduced consumption and employment will necessarily bring a long period of low growth and low returns. In the absence of a healthy consumer, the neo-normalists point out, there is no other driver to magically propel the economy.

All of which is reasonable—and has largely been ignored amid a recent rush to riskier, less stable sectors at the expense of large-cap companies. This rush was less than rational; if returns are negligible and credit is tight, one would have expected investors to move into big, stable equities that pay dividends. But they didn't, even though the private equity feeding frenzy and promiscuous lending that made small-cap company buyouts all the rage a few years back are long gone. Small companies today are less likely to be self-financed and far more likely to be dependent on volatile-rate bank debt (assuming it is offered to them at all). Even so, the S&P's small-cap index has returned 3.6 percent so far this year—almost 10 points better than the 5.8 percent loss registered by the S&P 100 (the bluest of blue chips, including IBM (IBM) and ExxonMobil (XOM)). Going back to the market's low last spring, the excess return is hardly inconsequential: 90 percent for small stocks, vs. 50 percent for the mega-caps.

The lesson? The financial conflagrations of the past three years did not signal a permanent flight to quality. Appetite for the high-risk/high-reward trade is alive if not well. The resurgence of large-cap equities has, again and again, been exaggerated. According to Leuthold, a Minneapolis fund management firm, small-cap stocks now sell at a "very fat" valuation premium of 20 percent relative to large caps, an all-time record disparity. Nobody seems to care that Johnson & Johnson (JNJ), with a $165 billion market cap and impeccable financials, pays a 3.62 percent dividend—more than 10-year Treasuries. AT&T (T), the country's largest phone company, an inveterate booster of its dividend over 26 years, yields almost twice that, but its shares have badly lagged the broader market this year. All this as banks believe they are doing you a favor by advertising 1 percent for your cash.

To some, any case for U.S. stocks—small, large, whatever—is also exaggerated. Pimco is now lumping the U.S. together with Japan, France, Spain, and Greece in what it calls a sovereign debt risk "ring of fire"—an ignominious league of nations that will increasingly have problems paying their debts. That association would suggest a lot more downside for U.S. shares, whose aggregate 4 percent drop so far in 2010 is but a sliver compared with the S&P Euro Index's 12.5 percent plunge.

Everywhere you look in the U.S. and Europe is another investing dead end. Together, they make the case for aggressive allocation away from developed markets and into emerging markets—yesteryear's financial basket cases turned today's paragons of growth. According to the International Monetary Fund, the developing world has catapulted itself from 18 percent of global GDP in 1994 to 31 percent last year, with its share still gaining at the expense of Japan, Western Europe, and the U.S.

That sort of growth means it is now far too prudish to allocate a mere 10 percent of one's portfolio to developing powers such as Brazil and India. "U.S. investors should move from a U.S.-centric worldview and toward a larger allocation to emerging market economies," says John West of Research Affiliates, an index strategy shop, also of Newport Beach. "They don't face the hurricane-like headwinds of deficit, debt, and demographics that developed markets, including the U.S., do." Since the market's low, the MSCI Emerging Markets index has shot up 77 percent—20 full percentage points better than the S&P 500. Not that no one has noticed: Emerging-market stock funds have consistently taken in multiples of their U.S. counterparts for five years. And while the U.S. and Europe have swooned in the past month, the emerging markets have fallen 15 percent, a resilient showing for a category that has historically been incapable of handling contagion. West thinks that investors in emerging markets amid this global risk realignment will be disproportionately rewarded over the coming decade.

If you don't have the stomach for increasing volatility, you might just take the old advice to sell in May and go away. Or you might park your dollars in gold, which is trading at an all-time high and is certain to go higher, unless it doesn't. Or you might go to cash, which the Federal Reserve is deliberately pegging at all-time low yields, guaranteeing that inflation eats away at what you have.

The sun will rise again, but in the meantime, no one is saying anything about sleeping well tonight.

Bloomberg Businessweek Senior Writer Farzad covers Wall Street and international finance.

http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/10_23/b4181064685899.htm